Luftbrenselsblanding

Luftbrenselsblanding refers to the mixture of air and fuel that is essential for combustion in internal combustion engines. The ideal ratio of air to fuel is critical for efficient engine operation, emissions control, and optimal power output. This ratio is often expressed as the air-fuel ratio (AFR).

In spark-ignition engines, the AFR is typically around 14.7:1 by mass, meaning 14.7 parts of air are mixed with 1 part of fuel for complete combustion. This is known as the stoichiometric ratio. Mixtures with more air than fuel are called lean, while mixtures with more fuel than air are called rich. Engine control units (ECUs) in modern vehicles constantly monitor and adjust the AFR using sensors like oxygen sensors to maintain efficiency and meet emission standards.

Diesel engines operate differently, typically with excess air, meaning they always run lean. Fuel is injected directly into the cylinder where it mixes with the compressed air and ignites due to the high temperature from compression. The precise control of the air-fuel mixture, whether in a gasoline or diesel engine, is fundamental to the performance and environmental impact of the vehicle. Variations in the mixture can lead to poor fuel economy, increased emissions, engine knocking, or even engine damage.