Longshan

Longshan, literally Dragon Mountain in Chinese, is a toponym used in many Chinese-speaking regions and also the name given to a major Neolithic culture. The Longshan culture refers to a late Neolithic development on the North China Plain dating roughly from 3000 to 1900 BCE. Named for the type site associated with the Longshan locality in Shandong, the culture is noted for its black or dark-painted pottery, the growth of large settlements, and early advances in metallurgy and craft specialization. It is widely viewed as a transitional culture linking the late Yangshao to the Bronze Age in northern China.

Longshan Temple (龙山寺) in Taipei is one of Taiwan's best-known religious sites. Established in 1738 by south Fujianese settlers, the temple is dedicated to the sea goddess Mazu and to Earth gods. It is a major tourist and pilgrimage site, reflecting a blend of Taoist and Buddhist practices and ranging across festivals and daily worship.

In addition to cultural references, Longshan is a common place name. There are towns, townships, and districts named Longshan in various mainland Chinese provinces and in Taiwan, often denoting a nearby hill or mountain.