Liðbrjóski

Liðbrjóski, also known as articular cartilage, is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they meet to form joints. Its primary function is to cushion the bones and allow them to glide smoothly against each other during movement, reducing friction and absorbing shock. This protective layer is crucial for the proper functioning of synovial joints, which are the most common type in the human body.

Articular cartilage is composed mainly of chondrocytes, specialized cells responsible for producing and maintaining the extracellular matrix. This matrix consists of water, collagen fibers, and proteoglycans. The high water content contributes to its resilience and ability to withstand compression. Unlike other tissues in the body, articular cartilage lacks blood vessels and nerves, which means it has a very limited capacity for self-repair. Injuries to liðbrjóski, such as those sustained in trauma or due to degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis, can be slow to heal and may lead to persistent joint pain and stiffness.

The maintenance of healthy liðbrjóski relies on factors such as regular, moderate physical activity, which stimulates the chondrocytes and encourages nutrient diffusion. However, excessive or high-impact activities can also contribute to its wear and tear over time. Degeneration of articular cartilage is a hallmark of osteoarthritis, a prevalent joint disorder that affects millions worldwide. Research is ongoing to find effective treatments for cartilage damage, including regenerative medicine approaches.