Lithodidae

Lithodidae is a family of marine crustaceans commonly known as king crabs. These decapods are characterized by their large size, often reaching significant dimensions, and their distinctively asymmetrical bodies. While they possess five pairs of legs, the last pair is typically reduced and held concealed beneath the carapace, giving them the appearance of having only three pairs of walking legs. This characteristic is a key feature that distinguishes them from true crabs.

King crabs inhabit a wide range of marine environments, from the intertidal zone to the deep sea, and are found in both polar and temperate waters. Their diet consists mainly of mollusks, worms, and other invertebrates, which they crush with their powerful claws. Several species of Lithodidae are commercially important, with the Alaskan king crab and the red king crab being particularly sought after for their large, succulent meat.

The family Lithodidae is divided into several genera, each containing multiple species. Their reproductive cycle involves a complex mating ritual and the brooding of eggs by the female. Due to overfishing and habitat changes, some king crab populations have faced significant decline, leading to conservation efforts and management strategies to ensure their sustainability. Their unique morphology and ecological roles make them a fascinating group within the Decapoda order.