Likumiem

Likumiem is the instrumental plural form of the Latvian noun likums, which means "law." In standard Latvian, likums is masculine; the nominative plural is likumi, while likumiem appears in contexts that require the instrumental case, commonly after prepositions such as ar (with) or in phrases indicating compliance with the laws.

In usage, likumiem occurs in official and legal language. A typical construction is saskaņā ar likumiem, meaning “in accordance with the laws.” This form helps link actions, obligations, or rules to the body of laws that governs them. For example, a sentence might read: Saskaņā ar likumiem visiem ir vienlīdzīgas tiesības.

Etymology and formational note: likums is a native Latvian noun, and likumiem is produced by adding the standard instrumental plural ending for masculine nouns in Latvian. The form is regularly encountered in statutes, court documents, regulatory texts, and formal discourse where laws or legal principles are referenced.

See also: Latvian grammar, Latvian noun declension, prepositions in Latvian, ar (the preposition that governs the instrumental case).