Lewiskäsitys

Lewiskäsitys, Finnish term for Kurt Lewin's conception, refers to a theoretical framework in psychology and social sciences that emphasizes dynamic interaction between individuals and their environment. Central to Lewin's approach is the idea that behavior is a function of the person and their field (the life space).

Key concepts include life space (the psychological reality surrounding a person at a given time), field theory (the idea that forces within the life space shape behavior), and force field analysis (a method for identifying driving and restraining forces affecting change). The equation B = f(P, E) expresses behavior as a function of the person and the environment. Lewin also explored topological psychology and the importance of configurations, thresholds, and equilibria in psychological processes.

Methodology and applications: Lewin advocated action research, a participatory process that combines inquiry and change, often in organizational or community settings. His work on group dynamics, leadership, and change processes has influenced fields like organizational development and social reform. The plan–act–observe–reflect cycle characterizes his action research approach.

History and impact: Lewin (1890–1947) developed these ideas in Germany and the United States, shaping modern social psychology, counseling, and management sciences. While influential, Lewin's framework has been criticized for broad conceptual scope and challenges of empirical operationalization; nevertheless, it laid groundwork for systems thinking and change management.