Latenssilämpövarastoinnin

Latenssilämpövarastointi, often translated as latent heat thermal energy storage, is a method of storing thermal energy by utilizing the phase transition of a material. This material, known as a phase change material (PCM), absorbs or releases heat when it changes between solid, liquid, or gaseous states, without a significant change in temperature. The energy stored during this phase change is referred to as latent heat.

The primary advantage of latenssilämpövarastointi is its high energy density compared to sensible heat storage, which relies on temperature increases. A relatively small amount of PCM can store a large amount of thermal energy. This makes it an attractive option for applications requiring efficient energy management, such as solar thermal systems, building climate control, and industrial waste heat recovery.

Common PCMs include paraffins, salt hydrates, and fatty acids. The selection of a specific PCM depends on the desired operating temperature range for storage and release. During charging, heat is supplied to the PCM, causing it to melt and store energy. During discharging, the PCM solidifies, releasing the stored heat. This cyclic process allows for the accumulation and subsequent utilization of thermal energy. The technology is still evolving, with ongoing research focused on improving PCM stability, encapsulation techniques, and system integration for wider adoption.