Laron

Laron is a name that can refer to more than one topic, most notably Laron syndrome, also called Laron-type dwarfism, a rare genetic disorder affecting growth. The term is also used as a surname and, in some contexts, as a given name.

Laron syndrome results from mutations in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene, causing growth hormone insensitivity. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Affected individuals typically have severe short stature beginning in early childhood, with body proportions that are often preserved. Some patients may experience hypoglycemia in infancy. Laboratory evaluation shows high circulating growth hormone levels with low levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Growth hormone therapy is ineffective, whereas treatment with recombinant IGF-1 has been used to improve growth in some cases and to manage metabolic issues.

The syndrome was first described by Israeli endocrinologist Zvi Laron in the 1960s, and it bears his name. The use of the name Laron extends beyond this medical condition, to be adopted as a surname and given name in various cultures.