Lanseringshjälp

Lanseringshjälp, a Swedish term translating to "launch assistance" or "launch aid," refers to systems and devices designed to facilitate the takeoff of aircraft, particularly from a stationary or slow-moving platform. These systems are most commonly associated with the operation of aircraft from aircraft carriers, but similar principles can apply to other scenarios where a short takeoff run is required.

The primary goal of lanseringshjälp is to rapidly accelerate an aircraft to a sufficient speed for its wings to generate enough lift to become airborne. This is typically achieved through the use of powerful catapults. On aircraft carriers, steam catapults have historically been the most prevalent technology, utilizing stored steam pressure to propel a shuttle hook along a track. As the aircraft's nose gear is attached to this shuttle, it is violently accelerated forward. More recently, electromagnetic catapults, such as the EMALS (Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System), are being introduced, offering advantages in terms of energy efficiency and control.

Beyond catapults, other forms of lanseringshjälp can include the use of rocket-assisted takeoff (RATO) or jet-assisted takeoff (JATO) units. These are essentially small solid-fuel rockets or jet engines that are attached to the aircraft and fired during the takeoff roll to provide a significant thrust boost. While less common on modern naval aircraft, RATO/JATO systems have been employed for specialized missions or by aircraft operating from unprepared or short airfields. The implementation of lanseringshjälp is crucial for enabling the operation of heavy aircraft from limited spaces and for achieving operational readiness in diverse environments.