Lanabolismo

Lanabolismo is not a standard term in biology. In many sources, it is a misspelling or nonstandard coinage for anabolismo (anabolism). When used in this way, it generally refers to the set of metabolic pathways that build complex molecules from simpler ones, processes that require energy.

Anabolismo, or anabolic metabolism, encompasses biosynthetic processes that create macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. It also includes the storage of energy in macromolecular form, for example glycogen and triglycerides. Anabolic pathways typically use ATP and reducing equivalents like NADPH and occur in various cellular compartments, including the cytosol and organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.

Regulation of anabolic processes is tightly controlled by hormonal and nutritional signals. Insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), growth hormone, and sex hormones promote synthesis and growth. Signaling pathways such as mTORC1 and PI3K-Akt play central roles in stimulating protein synthesis and other anabolic activities, while energy-sensing mechanisms, notably AMPK, can downregulate anabolism when energy is limited.

In health and disease, anabolism underpins growth, tissue maintenance, wound healing, and development. In medicine and sports, modulation of anabolic pathways is clinically relevant but can carry risks when influenced by synthetic agents or extreme dietary regimens. Anabolic biosynthesis is also essential in plants and microbes, supporting growth, reproduction, and production of biomolecules.