Lamivudinebased

Lamivudinebased refers to treatment regimens that use lamivudine (3TC) as a central antiviral component. Lamivudine is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with activity against both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). In clinical practice, lamivudine is combined with other antiretrovirals to form multi-drug regimens and is widely included in fixed-dose combinations.

In HIV-1 therapy, lamivudine is typically used as part of a two- or three-drug nucleoside backbone alongside other antiretrovirals. It is commonly dosed as 300 mg once daily or 150 mg twice daily, depending on the regimen and coadministered agents. Lamivudine-containing regimens are found in many standard first-line and maintenance strategies, often in fixed-dose combinations with another NRTI and an integrase inhibitor or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. The goal of lamivudine-based regimens is sustained viral suppression with a tolerable safety profile.

In HBV infection, lamivudine can suppress viral replication but the virus commonly develops resistance through YMDD mutations with long-term use, limiting its durability as monotherapy. Consequently, lamivudine-based approaches for HBV are typically used in combination with other antiviral agents such as tenofovir to reduce resistance risk, especially in co-infected individuals or specific clinical settings.

Safety and tolerability are generally favorable, with common adverse effects including gastrointestinal symptoms and headache. Lamivudine is often well tolerated, but resistance and cross‑resistance with related NRTIs can influence the long-term effectiveness of lamivudine-based therapies.

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