LGlutaminsäure

L-Glutaminsäure, often referred to as glutamic acid, is an alpha-amino acid with the formula HOOC(CH2)2CH(NH2)COOH. It is one of the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system of vertebrates. In its free form, it is a non-essential amino acid, meaning the human body can synthesize it. However, it is also obtained through the diet, found in protein-rich foods such as meat, fish, dairy, and legumes. L-Glutaminsäure plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and is a precursor for other amino acids and important biomolecules like glutathione. Its role as a neurotransmitter involves binding to glutamate receptors on neurons, facilitating signal transmission. This excitatory function is vital for learning, memory, and overall brain function. However, excessive levels of L-Glutaminsäure can be excitotoxic, leading to neuronal damage. Beyond its biological functions, L-Glutaminsäure is also widely used as a food additive, primarily as monosodium glutamate (MSG), which enhances savory flavors.