Lärmschwerhörigkeit

Lärmschwerhörigkeit, also known as noise-induced hearing loss, is a type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by prolonged exposure to loud sounds. It can result from sudden exposure to extremely loud noises, such as an explosion, or from chronic exposure to moderately loud noises over an extended period, like working in a noisy environment or regularly listening to loud music.

The damage typically occurs to the hair cells in the inner ear, specifically the cochlea, which are responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that the brain interprets as sound. These hair cells are fragile and can be permanently damaged or destroyed by excessive noise levels. The auditory system's ability to detect certain frequencies is affected, leading to a gradual loss of hearing, particularly in the higher frequencies.

Symptoms of Lärmschwerhörigkeit can include difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy surroundings, a ringing or buzzing in the ears (tinnitus), and a feeling of fullness in the ear. The onset can be gradual, making it difficult for individuals to notice the hearing loss in its early stages.

Prevention is key to avoiding Lärmschwerhörigkeit. This involves reducing exposure to loud noises, using hearing protection such as earplugs or earmuffs in noisy environments, and maintaining a safe listening volume when using personal audio devices. Regular hearing checks are also recommended for individuals who are frequently exposed to noise. While Lärmschwerhörigkeit cannot be reversed, appropriate management strategies can help slow its progression and improve quality of life.