Köszörülés

Köszörülés is a finishing process in metalworking used to produce very smooth surfaces with accurate dimensions. It involves the use of an abrasive grinding wheel to remove small amounts of material. This process is typically employed when very high surface finish and dimensional accuracy are required, often as a final step after other machining operations like milling or turning.

The grinding wheel, composed of abrasive grains bonded together, rotates at high speed. The workpiece is moved against the rotating wheel, or the wheel is moved across the workpiece, to abrade and remove material. The abrasive grains are harder than the workpiece material, allowing them to cut. The size of the abrasive grains, the type of abrasive material (e.g., aluminum oxide, silicon carbide), and the bonding agent all influence the effectiveness and finish produced.

Köszörülés can be performed on various types of machines, including cylindrical grinders, surface grinders, and centerless grinders, depending on the shape and size of the workpiece. Cylindrical grinding is used for external or internal cylindrical surfaces, surface grinding for flat surfaces, and centerless grinding for cylindrical parts without the need for a headstock or tailstock. The process requires careful control of parameters such as wheel speed, feed rate, and depth of cut to achieve the desired results. It is essential for producing components like crankshafts, camshafts, bearings, and precision shafts where tight tolerances and a low surface roughness are critical for performance and longevity.