Kõrgrõhkkond

Kõrgrõhkkond, also known as an anticyclone, is a meteorological phenomenon characterized by an area of high atmospheric pressure. In this region, air descends from higher altitudes, leading to generally clear skies and stable weather conditions. As air sinks, it warms and dries, inhibiting cloud formation and precipitation. This descending motion also creates an outward flow of air at the surface, blowing away from the center of the high-pressure system.

The size of a high-pressure system can vary significantly, from a few hundred kilometers to several thousand kilometers in diameter. They often move slowly across the Earth's surface, influencing weather patterns for extended periods. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds around a high-pressure system circulate clockwise, while in the Southern Hemisphere, they circulate counterclockwise. This circulation pattern is a result of the Coriolis effect.

High-pressure systems are often associated with pleasant weather, including sunshine, mild temperatures, and calm winds. However, prolonged periods of high pressure can lead to heatwaves in the summer, as the descending air traps heat near the surface, and can also contribute to fog formation in cooler months when the air near the ground cools significantly. Conversely, in winter, they can bring clear, cold nights due to the lack of cloud cover to retain heat.