Kvanttiturva

Kvanttiturva refers to the security of information and systems in the face of advancing quantum computing capabilities. Traditional encryption methods, such as RSA and ECC, rely on the computational difficulty of factoring large numbers or solving discrete logarithms. Quantum computers, with algorithms like Shor's algorithm, are theoretically capable of solving these problems efficiently, thus rendering current public-key cryptography vulnerable.

The development of quantum computers poses a significant threat to digital security, impacting everything from secure communication and financial transactions to critical infrastructure. The potential for quantum computers to break existing encryption is often referred to as the "quantum threat."

In response, researchers are actively developing quantum-resistant cryptography, also known as post-quantum cryptography (PQC). These are cryptographic algorithms that are believed to be secure against attacks from both classical and quantum computers. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the United States has been leading a standardization process for PQC algorithms, with several candidates having been selected for further development and eventual adoption.

The transition to quantum-resistant cryptography is a complex undertaking, requiring significant changes to existing systems and protocols. This process is expected to take many years and involves a phased approach to ensure a smooth and secure migration. The ultimate goal of kvanttiturva is to ensure the continued confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of digital information in the quantum era.