Kuulmiskaitse

Kuulmiskaitse (hearing protection) is a set of measures and devices designed to reduce exposure to harmful noise and prevent noise-induced hearing loss. It encompasses both personal protective equipment and organizational strategies used in workplaces and other environments with elevated sound levels.

The main forms of kuulmiskaitse are earplugs and earmuffs. Earplugs are inserted into the ear canal and can be made of foam, silicone or other materials. Earmuffs cover the outer ear and are worn over it, often used in very loud settings. In some contexts, canal caps or other passive devices may also be used. The effectiveness of these protectors is described by attenuation values, typically expressed as a reduction in decibels, and depends on fit, proper use and frequency of sound.

Choosing and using kuulmiskaitse requires attention to fit, comfort, and compatibility with tasks. Correct insertion and a proper seal for earplugs, or a snug, well-fitted seal for earmuffs, are essential for the intended protection. Protection should be selected based on the acoustic environment and risk assessment, and personnel should be trained on correct usage, inspection, and replacement of damaged devices. Hearing protection is most effective when used as part of a broader hearing conservation program that includes engineering controls to lower noise at the source and administrative measures to limit exposure time.

Regulations and standards for hearing protection vary by region, but many systems rely on standardized testing and labeling to indicate performance and ensure safe use. Regular hearing checks and fit testing may be recommended to monitor outcomes.