Kurkunpäätulehdus

Kurkunpäätulehdus, also known as laryngitis, is an inflammation of the larynx, or voice box. This inflammation can cause the vocal cords to swell, leading to hoarseness or a complete loss of voice. The most common causes of laryngitis are viral infections, such as the common cold or flu. Other causes can include bacterial infections, overuse of the voice (shouting or prolonged singing), exposure to irritants like smoke or pollutants, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Symptoms typically include a sore throat, a dry cough, and difficulty speaking. The voice may sound breathy, weak, or raspy. In some cases, a fever may be present. Laryngitis is usually a temporary condition, with symptoms resolving within a week or two. However, chronic laryngitis, lasting for more than three weeks, can indicate a more serious underlying issue and requires medical attention.

Diagnosis is often based on a physical examination and a review of symptoms. In cases of chronic laryngitis, further investigations might be necessary to rule out other conditions. Treatment for acute laryngitis usually involves rest for the voice, staying hydrated, and avoiding irritants. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort. For chronic laryngitis, addressing the underlying cause, such as managing GERD or ceasing exposure to irritants, is crucial. Persistent hoarseness should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional.