Kubizmi

Kubizmi, also known as Cubism, was a revolutionary early-20th-century avant-garde art movement that profoundly influenced painting and sculpture. It was pioneered by artists like Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in Paris between 1907 and 1914. The core idea of Cubism was to depict subjects from multiple viewpoints simultaneously, breaking them down into geometric forms and planes. This contrasted sharply with traditional Western art's reliance on single-point perspective, which aimed to create a realistic illusion of three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface.

Cubism can be broadly divided into two phases. Analytic Cubism, the earlier stage, focused on dissecting subjects into fragmented forms and a muted color palette, often employing shades of brown, gray, and ochre. Objects were rendered as a collection of geometric shapes, making them appear almost abstract. Synthetic Cubism, which followed, introduced brighter colors, simpler shapes, and the technique of collage. Artists began incorporating real-world elements like newspaper clippings and wallpaper into their works, blurring the lines between art and reality. This phase also saw the development of papier collé, a type of collage using pasted paper. Cubism challenged conventional notions of representation and paved the way for many subsequent abstract art movements.