Kritizována

Kritizována is the feminine singular past passive participle form of the Czech verb kritizovat (to criticize). It functions as an adjective or participle that agrees with a feminine noun in gender, number and case, and it denotes that the subject has been subjected to criticism in the past. In practice it appears in both predicative constructions with a form of být and in attributive position before a feminine noun.

In predicative use, it forms the passive voice: Kniha byla kritizována odborníky. This means that the book was criticized by experts. In attributive use, it can describe a noun directly: Kritizovaná kniha vyvolala diskusi, or more generally the “critically examined” or “criticized” work. The form also appears in other cases and numbers, with appropriate agreement (for example, kritizována, kritizované, kritizovaní, etc., depending on gender, number and case of the noun it modifies).

Semantically, kritizována conveys completion of the action of criticism in the past, but it does not itself express who or what will occur next; the agent of criticism is usually given in a dependent phrase, commonly in instrumental or with a prepositional phrase (např. odborníky, veřejností). The word is widely used in journalism, academic writing and everyday Czech to describe subjects that have drawn critical attention or scorn.

Kritizována is related to the infinitive kritizovat and to related participles such as kritizovaný (masculine) or kritizované (neuter), all sharing the core meaning of having been subjected to criticism.