Krioprecipitátum

Krioprecipitátum refers to a precipitate that forms when plasma or serum is cooled to a low temperature, typically 4 degrees Celsius. This precipitate is composed of various proteins that exhibit reduced solubility at colder temperatures. The most common components of cryoprecipitate include fibrinogen, Factor VIII, von Willebrand factor, and fibronectin.

The formation of cryoprecipitate is a phenomenon utilized in blood banking and transfusion medicine. When whole blood is processed, the plasma fraction can be further processed to isolate cryoprecipitate. This is achieved by freezing the plasma and then slowly thawing it at a controlled temperature. The proteins that precipitate out are then collected.

Clinically, cryoprecipitate is a vital therapeutic product used to treat bleeding disorders, particularly those involving deficiencies in fibrinogen, Factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor. For instance, it is a cornerstone treatment for acquired hypofibrinogenemia, which can occur due to conditions like disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or liver disease. It is also used in the management of hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease, although specific factor concentrates are often preferred for severe cases. The administration of cryoprecipitate helps to replenish these essential clotting factors, thereby improving hemostasis and reducing bleeding.