Kranskärlsbypass

Kranskärlsbypass, also known as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), is a surgical procedure to improve blood flow to the heart. It is typically performed when coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood, become narrowed or blocked by plaque buildup, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This blockage can lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and in severe cases, a heart attack.

During the procedure, a surgeon takes a healthy blood vessel, usually a vein from the leg or an artery from the chest wall or arm, and grafts it onto the blocked coronary artery. This new vessel creates a bypass, rerouting blood flow around the obstruction. The "bypass" essentially creates a new pathway for blood to reach the heart muscle, restoring adequate oxygen supply.

The decision to perform a kranskärlsbypass is based on several factors, including the severity and location of the blockages, the patient's overall health, and the presence of symptoms. It is a major surgery that requires a period of recovery, during which patients are monitored closely. Lifestyle changes, such as diet, exercise, and smoking cessation, are often recommended after the surgery to manage risk factors and promote long-term heart health. While effective, CABG is not a cure for heart disease, and ongoing medical management is crucial.