Kotors

Kotors, often rendered as Kotor in Montenegro, is a historic coastal town and the administrative center of the Municipality of Kotor. It is situated at the northern end of the Bay of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) on the Adriatic Sea, a natural harbor framed by steep limestone cliffs and protected by medieval walls.

Geography and urban layout: The town’s core is the well-preserved medieval old town, set within fortifications that trace the Venetian-era defense system. Narrow streets, stone houses, and public squares reflect a blend of Mediterranean and Venetian architectural influences. The surrounding bay and nearby highlands give the area a dramatic landscape.

History: The site has been inhabited since antiquity, with influences from Illyrian, Roman, Byzantine, and Slavic realms. It came under Venetian control in the late medieval period and remained part of the Venetian Republic for centuries, shaping its fortifications, trade networks, and urban planning. The city was a thriving maritime and commercial center in the Adriatic region.

Cultural landmarks: Notable sites include the Cathedral of Saint Tryphon, a 12th–13th-century church, and the fortress of St. John (San Giovanni) perched above the town, offering panoramic views. The maritime heritage is preserved in local museums, and the old town preserves a dense concentration of churches, palazzos, and civic buildings. The nearby town of Perast features the islets of Our Lady of the Rocks and St. George.

UNESCO designation and tourism: In 1979, the Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor was inscribed as a World Heritage site, recognizing its historical value and preserved setting. Today, Kotors is a major tourist destination, attracting visitors interested in history, architecture, and scenic coastal landscapes. Access is via coastal roads connected to regional airports and ports, with the bay itself a frequent stop for cruise itineraries.