Kortisonhaltige

Kortisonhaltige is a Swedish term used to describe medicines that contain cortisone or other corticosteroids (glucocorticoids). The term is applied to products designed to reduce inflammation and modulate the immune response. Corticosteroids vary in potency and duration of action, and many different preparations exist, from topical creams to systemic tablets, inhalers, injections, and eye or nose drops.

Pharmacology and types. Corticosteroids work by binding to glucocorticoid receptors, influencing gene transcription to decrease inflammatory mediators and immune activity. Examples include hydrocortisone, prednisone/prednisolone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, and betamethasone. Preparations are categorized by route of administration: topical for skin conditions; oral or intravenous for systemic disease; inhaled for asthma or COPD; intra-articular injections for joint inflammation; and ophthalmic or intranasal forms for eye and nasal inflammation.

Indications. Kortisonhaltige medicines are used for a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, such as dermatitis and eczema, psoriasis, asthma and allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other inflammatory or immune-mediated disorders. They may be prescribed alone or as part of combination therapy.

Safety and side effects. Side effects depend on dose and duration. Systemic use can cause hyperglycemia, weight gain, hypertension, osteoporosis, muscle wasting, and suppressed adrenal function. Prolonged use may affect growth in children. Topical corticosteroids can cause skin thinning and irritation; inhaled forms may cause throat irritation or oral thrush. Cessation after long-term use should be gradual to avoid withdrawal symptoms and adrenal insufficiency.

Regulatory aspects. Kortisonhaltige products are typically prescription medications in many countries, with specific guidelines on dosing, tapering, and monitoring to minimize adverse effects and interactions.