Korrosionshämning

Korrosionshämning, also known as corrosion inhibition, is the process of reducing the rate at which a material, typically a metal, degrades due to corrosion. Corrosion is a natural electrochemical process where a metal reacts with its environment, leading to material loss and structural weakening. Inhibitors are substances added to the environment or applied to the metal surface to slow down or prevent this degradation.

Corrosion inhibitors work through various mechanisms. Some form a protective film on the metal surface, acting as a barrier against corrosive agents like oxygen and moisture. Others can interfere with the electrochemical reactions that drive corrosion, either by affecting the anodic (oxidation) or cathodic (reduction) half-reactions. Certain inhibitors can also neutralize corrosive species in the environment.

The choice of corrosion inhibitor depends heavily on the specific metal, the corrosive environment (e.g., acidic, alkaline, saline), and the application. Common examples include chromates, phosphates, amines, and organic compounds. These inhibitors find widespread use in industries such as oil and gas, automotive, aerospace, and water treatment to protect pipelines, engines, structures, and equipment. While effective, some inhibitors may have environmental or health concerns, prompting research into more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives.