Koolikohustus

Koolikohustus refers to the legal obligation for children to attend school in Estonia. It is a foundational element of the country’s education system and aims to ensure that all children receive a basic, publicly funded education.

In Estonia, compulsory education covers the period of basic schooling, which consists of nine grades. This period typically spans from around age 7 to 16. After completing basic school, attendance in upper secondary education or vocational training becomes voluntary, although many students continue their studies to pursue further qualifications.

Legal framework and enforcement: The obligation rests with parents or guardians, who are responsible for ensuring their child attends school regularly. Schools monitor attendance and communicate concerns to the relevant education authorities. If attendance is persistently irregular, authorities may initiate measures designed to help the child return to formal schooling and to support continued participation in education.

Exceptions and alternatives: Attendance can be affected by illness or disability, and there are provisions for exemptions or alternative arrangements. Home schooling is possible with permission from the local education authority. Students may also transfer between educational institutions to meet or improve attendance and educational needs.

Outcomes and context: Koolikohustus seeks to promote basic literacy and numeracy, social integration, and equal opportunities for all children. The obligation is supported by a broader framework of early childhood education and inclusive, accessible education throughout the country.