Konfutsian

Konfutsian, also known as Confucius, was a prominent Chinese philosopher and politician who lived from 551 to 479 BCE. He is considered one of the most influential figures in Chinese history and his teachings have profoundly shaped East Asian culture and thought. Konfutsian's philosophy, known as Konfutsianism, emphasizes personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice, kindness, and sincerity.

His teachings are primarily found in the Lunyu, or Analects, a collection of his conversations and ideas compiled by his disciples after his death. Key Konfutsian concepts include ren (benevolence or humanity), li (ritual propriety or etiquette), and xiao (filial piety). Ren is the central virtue, representing a deep concern for others and the well-being of society. Li governs social interactions and personal conduct, promoting harmony and order. Xiao emphasizes respect and obedience towards one's parents and elders, extending to a broader sense of loyalty and duty.

Konfutsian believed that a virtuous ruler, who embodies these principles, would lead to a stable and prosperous society. He advocated for education as a means of cultivating moral character and for meritocracy in government, where individuals are chosen based on their abilities and virtues rather than their social status. While not a religious figure in the traditional sense, Konfutsianism has often been interpreted and practiced as a secular ethical system and a way of life, influencing everything from education and family structures to governance and social etiquette across East Asia for centuries.