Konduktiosähkö

Konduktiosähkö refers to electrical conduction, the movement of electric charge through a material. This movement is typically carried by charged particles, such as electrons in metals or ions in electrolytes. The ease with which charge can flow through a material is known as its electrical conductivity. Materials with high conductivity, like copper and silver, are excellent conductors and are used in electrical wiring. Conversely, materials with very low conductivity are called insulators, and they resist the flow of electricity. Examples include rubber and glass, which are used to coat electrical wires and prevent short circuits.

The phenomenon of electrical conduction is fundamental to electricity and its applications. In solid conductors, the charge carriers are usually free electrons that are loosely bound to the atoms of the material. When an electric field is applied across the conductor, these electrons are set in motion, creating an electric current. In electrolytes, such as salt dissolved in water, the charge carriers are ions, which are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons. When an electric field is applied to an electrolyte, these ions migrate towards the oppositely charged electrodes, resulting in an electric current. The temperature of a material also affects its conductivity. For most conductors, conductivity decreases as temperature increases due to increased atomic vibrations hindering electron flow.