Kondome

Kondome are barrier contraceptives designed to prevent pregnancy and reduce the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They come in male versions, worn on the penis, and female versions, used inside the vagina or rectum. Condoms are intended for single use and should be disposed of after sexual activity.

Materials and design vary. Most commonly they are made of natural latex, but alternatives include polyurethane and polyisoprene for people with latex allergies. Non-latex condoms can also be made from nitrile or lambskin, though lambskin condoms do not protect against some STIs. Condoms are often lubricated; water-based or silicone-based lubricants are generally safe for latex, while oil-based lubricants can weaken latex and cause rupture. They may also feature textured surfaces or reservoir tips for semen collection.

Effectiveness and use. When used correctly and consistently, condoms significantly reduce the risk of pregnancy and many sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Typical-use failure rates for pregnancy are higher than perfect use due to improper application or breakage. Correct usage involves checking the expiration date, inspecting for damage, placing the condom on an erect penis with space at the tip, rolling it down fully, and using an appropriate lubricant. After intercourse, the condom should be withdrawn while the penis is still erect, then disposed of in the trash. Do not flush down toilets.

Storage and safety. Condoms should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sharp objects. They are designed for single use and should not be reused or shared.

History and regulation. Modern latex condoms became widely marketed in the 20th century, with non-latex options developed later to address allergies and sensitivities. They are subject to quality standards and labeling by health and regulatory authorities in many countries.