Kollateralbändern

Kollateralbändern, often referred to as collateral ligaments, are crucial stabilizing structures in the knee joint. They are typically described as two distinct ligaments, the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the lateral collateral ligament (LCL). The MCL is located on the inner side of the knee, while the LCL is found on the outer side. These ligaments play a vital role in preventing excessive side-to-side movement of the knee. The MCL resists valgus stress (inward bending of the knee), and the LCL resists varus stress (outward bending of the knee).

Injuries to the collateral ligaments, commonly known as sprains, can occur due to direct trauma or sudden twisting of the knee. The severity of a sprain is graded from I (mild stretch) to III (complete tear). Symptoms of a collateral ligament injury often include pain, swelling, tenderness, and instability in the knee. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and may be confirmed with imaging techniques such as MRI. Treatment depends on the grade of the injury and may range from conservative measures like RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) and physical therapy to surgical intervention for severe tears. Rehabilitation focuses on restoring range of motion, strength, and stability to the knee.