Klorofenyyliryhmä

Klorofenyyliryhmä is a chemical term referring to a phenyl group that has at least one chlorine atom substituted onto the benzene ring. The phenyl group itself is a cyclic hydrocarbon radical derived from benzene, with the formula C6H5. When one or more hydrogen atoms on this ring are replaced by chlorine atoms, the resulting structure is a chlorophenyl group.

The position of the chlorine atom(s) on the phenyl ring is important and dictates the specific isomer. Common examples include chlorophenyl groups where the chlorine is attached at the ortho (2-), meta (3-), or para (4-) position relative to the point of attachment to another molecule. Multiple chlorine atoms can also be present, leading to dichlorophenyl, trichlorophenyl, and so on, groups.

Chlorophenyl groups are frequently encountered in organic chemistry as substituents in a wide variety of compounds. Their presence can significantly influence the physical and chemical properties of the parent molecule, affecting factors such as reactivity, polarity, and lipophilicity. They are found in many pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, and other industrial chemicals. The electronic effects of the chlorine atom, being electronegative, can withdraw electron density from the phenyl ring.