Kirjastoluokitukset

Kirjastoluokitukset, or library classifications, are systems used in libraries to organize and arrange books and other materials. These systems provide a standardized way to categorize information, making it easier for patrons to locate specific items and for librarians to manage their collections.

The most widely used library classification system in the world is the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), developed by Melvil Dewey in 1876. The DDC divides all knowledge into ten main classes, each represented by a three-digit number. These main classes are then further subdivided using decimals, allowing for very detailed categorization. For example, the 500s are for Science, with 510 for Mathematics, 520 for Astronomy, and so on.

Another prominent system is the Library of Congress Classification (LCC), developed by the Library of Congress in the United States. The LCC uses a combination of letters and numbers to classify materials. It is known for its extensive schedules, which are particularly well-suited for large research libraries. The LCC's primary classes are indicated by single letters, with further subdivisions using additional letters and numbers.

In many European countries, the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is also employed. The UDC is an expansion of the DDC, incorporating a more flexible system for combining numbers and symbols to represent complex subjects and interdisciplinary relationships.

These classification systems are essential tools for librarians to ensure that collections are organized logically, facilitating browsing and discovery for library users. They allow for a consistent approach to shelving, cataloging, and retrieval of information across different libraries that adopt the same system.