Kirjallisilla

Kirjallisilla is a Finnish word form that functions as the adessive plural of the adjective kirjallinen, meaning literary or written. It is used to indicate means, grounds, or domains related to literature or written sources. In practice, kirjallisilla appears in phrases that describe how something is done, on what basis, or through written resources. It is most commonly found in formal or academic language.

Common usages include phrases such as kirjallisilla perusteilla (on written grounds), kirjallisilla keinoilla (by literary or written means), and kirjallisilla lähteillä (from written sources). Because it is an inflected form, it typically accompanies a plural noun in the adessive case, and its meaning shifts with the accompanying noun. The form is rarely used by itself; its function is to modify a noun or to express a methodological or source-related sense in a sentence.

Etymology and morphology: kirjal lallinen derives from the noun kirja (book) combined with the adjective-forming suffix -llinen, meaning pertaining to books or literature. The additional -lla ending marks the adessive plural, which in Finnish signals “with” or “in terms of” the referenced matter when paired with a plural noun.

Notes: Kirjallisilla is distinct from kielellinen (linguistic) or kirjallinen without a case ending. It is primarily encountered in written Finnish, especially in scholarly, archival, or editorial contexts. When translating, options include “by literary means,” “on literary grounds,” or “from written sources,” depending on the surrounding wording.