Kiiehtymisjärjestelmien

Kiiehtymisjärjestelmät, known in English as propulsion systems, are devices that produce thrust to propel a vehicle or spacecraft. These systems operate based on Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. By expelling a working fluid in one direction, the system generates a force in the opposite direction, causing the vehicle to move.

There are several types of kiiehtymisjärjestelmät, broadly categorized into chemical and non-chemical systems. Chemical propulsion systems utilize the energy released from chemical reactions, typically the combustion of propellants. Rocket engines, a common example, burn fuel and oxidizer to produce hot gases expelled through a nozzle. These are widely used in space launch vehicles and missiles.

Non-chemical propulsion systems, on the other hand, use external energy sources or different physical principles. Electric propulsion systems, for instance, ionize a propellant and accelerate the ions using electric or magnetic fields. These systems offer high efficiency, making them suitable for long-duration space missions. Other forms include nuclear propulsion, which uses nuclear reactions to heat a working fluid, and solar sails, which use the pressure of sunlight for thrust. The choice of kiiehtymisjärjestelmä depends on factors such as the mission requirements, desired speed, and available energy.