Keelehaigused

Keelehaigused, commonly referred to as tongue diseases, encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the tongue's health and function. These can manifest as changes in color, texture, or sensation, and may be associated with pain, discomfort, or difficulty with speech and eating. Causes vary significantly, including infections, inflammatory processes, nutritional deficiencies, trauma, and underlying systemic diseases.

Common examples of keelehaigused include oral thrush, a fungal infection often appearing as white patches, and glossitis, characterized by inflammation and redness of the tongue. Geographic tongue presents as irregular, map-like patterns on the tongue's surface. Canker sores, or aphthous ulcers, are painful sores that can appear on the tongue. More serious conditions can involve precancerous lesions or oral cancer, which require prompt medical attention.

Diagnosis typically involves a visual examination by a healthcare professional, sometimes supplemented by biopsies or laboratory tests to identify specific pathogens or cellular changes. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and can range from antifungal medications and improved oral hygiene to dietary changes, or surgical interventions for more severe cases. Maintaining good oral hygiene, a balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption are important preventive measures against many keelehaigused.