Kandidózy

Kandidózy, commonly known as yeast infections, are infections caused by a type of fungus called Candida. While Candida is a normal inhabitant of the human body, residing on the skin and in mucous membranes like the mouth, gut, and vagina, it can cause infection when there is an overgrowth. This overgrowth can occur due to various factors, including weakened immune systems, antibiotic use, hormonal changes, and certain medical conditions like diabetes.

The symptoms of kandidózy vary depending on the location of the infection. Vaginal candidiasis is characterized by itching, burning, and a thick, white discharge. Oral candidiasis, or thrush, presents as white patches on the tongue and inner cheeks, soreness, and difficulty swallowing. Skin candidiasis can manifest as a red, itchy rash, often in skin folds. In rare cases, particularly in individuals with severely compromised immune systems, Candida can enter the bloodstream and cause a serious, systemic infection known as invasive candidiasis.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and laboratory tests, such as microscopic examination of a sample, fungal culture, or molecular tests. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, which can be topical (creams, ointments) or oral, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Prevention strategies focus on maintaining good hygiene, managing underlying health conditions, and avoiding factors that can disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms in the body.