KalziumkanalblockerIntoxikationen

Kalziumkanalblocker is a German term that translates to calcium channel blocker in English. Calcium channel blockers are a class of drugs that inhibit the entry of calcium into cells by blocking voltage-gated calcium channels. This action has several physiological effects, primarily on the cardiovascular system. By reducing the influx of calcium into smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, they cause vasodilation, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. In cardiac muscle cells, they can reduce the force of contraction and slow the heart rate.

These medications are widely prescribed for a variety of conditions. Their ability to lower blood pressure makes them a cornerstone in the treatment of hypertension. They are also used to manage angina, a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, by improving blood supply and reducing the heart's workload. Certain types of arrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats, can also be treated with calcium channel blockers. Additionally, they are employed in the management of Raynaud's phenomenon, a condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the extremities.

There are several different classes of calcium channel blockers, broadly categorized into dihydropyridines and non-dihydropyridines. Dihydropyridines primarily affect vascular smooth muscle, while non-dihydropyridines have more significant effects on the heart itself. Examples of commonly prescribed calcium channel blockers include amlodipine, nifedipine, diltiazem, and verapamil. Like all medications, they can have side effects, which may include dizziness, headache, constipation, and swelling in the ankles. Their use and selection are determined by a healthcare professional based on the individual patient's medical condition and other medications.