Kallonsynostoosi

Kallonsynostoosi, also known as craniosynostosis, is a congenital condition characterized by the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. These sutures are fibrous joints that separate the bones of the skull in infants, allowing for brain growth and development. When a suture fuses prematurely, it restricts the skull's ability to expand, which can lead to abnormal head shape and potentially increased intracranial pressure.

The exact causes of kallonsynostoosi are not fully understood, but genetic factors are believed to play a significant role. It can occur in isolation or as part of a broader genetic syndrome, such as Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, or Pfeiffer syndrome. The premature fusion can affect single sutures (simple kallonsynostoosi) or multiple sutures (complex kallonsynostoosi).

Symptoms vary depending on which sutures are affected and the number of sutures involved. Common signs include an abnormally shaped head, a palpable ridge along the fused suture, and in some cases, developmental delays or vision problems if intracranial pressure becomes elevated. Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination and confirmed with imaging studies like X-rays, CT scans, or MRI.

Treatment for kallonsynostoosi usually involves surgical intervention to release the fused suture(s) and reshape the skull, allowing space for brain growth. The timing and complexity of the surgery depend on the individual case. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent potential complications and achieve the best possible outcome.