Kaliumsulfa

Kaliumsulfa, commonly known as potassium sulfate, is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula K2SO4. It is used primarily as a source of potassium for plant nutrition and as a non-chloride fertilizer component. It appears as a white, odorless crystalline solid and is stable under normal conditions. It dissolves readily in water, producing a neutral to mildly acidic solution.

Industrial production typically proceeds by the reaction of potassium chloride with sulfuric acid: 2 KCl + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2 HCl. Potassium sulfate also occurs naturally in minerals such as langbeinite (K2Mg2(SO4)3) and related materials, which can be processed to yield K2SO4.

Applications: The primary use is as a fertilizer, supplying potassium without introducing chloride ions, which can harm certain crops. It is used in high-quality fruit and vegetable production and in soils where chloride-sensitive varieties are grown. Other industrial uses include chemical processing and, in some cases, glass manufacturing as a source of potassium oxide.

Safety and handling: Potassium sulfate is considered of low acute toxicity. It can cause irritation to eyes, skin, and the respiratory tract in dust form. Handle with standard industrial hygiene practices, avoid inhaling dust, and store in a dry place in sealed containers away from moisture.

Environmental considerations: When used as fertilizer, it provides potassium and sulfate to the soil; excessive application can contribute to soil salinity and nutrient imbalance. It is relatively inert compared with more hazardous sulfates and has low environmental toxicity under normal agricultural use.