Különválasztás

Különválasztás is a Hungarian noun denoting the act or process of separating something into distinct parts, or distinguishing between different things. It derives from the words külö­n (different, separate) and választás (selection, choosing). The term is used across various fields to describe both a physical act of separation and a conceptual or procedural distinction.

In social and legal contexts, különválasztás can refer to the separation of spouses, where partners live apart while the marriage remains legally in effect. This may be formalized by agreement or court order and often involves arrangements concerning child custody, visitation, support, and property. The separation can be temporary or lead to divorce, depending on jurisdiction and circumstances.

In business and organizational settings, különválasztás may describe corporate separation or spin-offs, where a unit or subsidiary is separated from the parent company to form an independent entity. Such actions can be driven by strategic, regulatory, or financial considerations and typically involve the allocation of assets, liabilities, and governance structures.

In science and engineering, the term covers methods that isolate components of a mixture or system. Common separation techniques include distillation, filtration, crystallization, chromatography, centrifugation, and membrane-based processes. Key concerns in these contexts are yield, purity, energy consumption, and cost.

In information theory and planning, különválasztás can refer to the partitioning of data, functions, or responsibilities to improve modularity, analysis, or workflow efficiency. The concept is often contrasted with integration or union, where elements are combined rather than separated.