Követelménynyomonkövetés

Követelménynyomonkövetés, often translated as requirements traceability, is the process of documenting and maintaining the relationships between different artifacts in a project lifecycle. This typically involves linking requirements to their origins, design elements, code, test cases, and other related project outputs. The primary goal of requirements traceability is to ensure that all requirements are accounted for, implemented correctly, and validated effectively.

There are generally two types of traceability: forward traceability and backward traceability. Forward traceability links a requirement to subsequent project artifacts, such as design specifications and test cases. This helps ensure that a requirement is addressed in the design and tested appropriately. Backward traceability links project artifacts back to their originating requirements. This is useful for verifying that implemented features or tested components actually fulfill the intended requirements and for assessing the impact of changes to requirements. Bidirectional traceability combines both forward and backward tracking, providing a comprehensive view of the entire lifecycle.

Effective requirements traceability is crucial for managing complexity, facilitating change management, and improving overall product quality. It aids in understanding the impact of proposed changes to requirements by identifying all dependent artifacts. Furthermore, it supports compliance with regulations and standards by demonstrating that all necessary requirements have been met. Tools and techniques for implementing traceability vary, ranging from simple spreadsheets to sophisticated requirements management software. The level of detail and rigor applied to traceability often depends on the project's complexity, regulatory environment, and organizational standards.