Kõhrkoes

Kõhrkoes, also known as cartilage, is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body. It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes, which are embedded in a matrix of collagen and elastic fibers. This matrix provides structural support and allows the tissue to resist compression and tension.

There are three main types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type and is found in the joints, ribs, nose, and trachea. It has a smooth, glassy appearance and provides smooth surfaces for joint movement. Elastic cartilage, found in the ear and epiglottis, contains a high proportion of elastic fibers, making it more flexible and able to recoil after being stretched. Fibrocartilage, located in the intervertebral discs, menisci of the knee, and pubic symphysis, is the strongest and most rigid type of cartilage, providing shock absorption and durability.

Cartilage plays a vital role in the skeletal system, forming joints that allow for movement and preventing bones from rubbing against each other. It also contributes to the shape and support of various organs. Unlike bone, cartilage does not have blood vessels, meaning it receives nutrients through diffusion from surrounding tissues. This avascular nature contributes to its slow healing rate. Damage to cartilage can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.