Käsihöylien

Käsihöylien, a Finnish term, translates to "hand planes" in English. This category encompasses a wide range of woodworking tools designed for shaping and smoothing wood by shaving off thin layers. Hand planes are operated manually, relying on the user's strength and skill to achieve precise results.

The fundamental principle behind all hand planes is a sharp blade, often called a iron or cutter, set at an angle within a body or stock. As the plane is pushed across a wooden surface, the blade shaves off a thin curl of wood. The angle of the blade, its sharpness, and the depth of cut are all adjustable to control the thickness and finish of the shavings.

There are numerous types of hand planes, each designed for specific tasks. Common examples include the bench plane, used for general surfacing and straightening, and the block plane, a smaller tool typically used with one hand for chamfering edges and end grain. Other specialized planes exist for tasks like cutting grooves (router planes), shaping curves (spokeshaves), and creating decorative moldings (molding planes).

The materials used in hand planes have evolved over time. Historically, wooden bodies were common, often with metal blades. Modern planes frequently feature cast iron bodies for stability and durability, with precisely machined surfaces. The blades are typically made from high-carbon steel or more advanced alloys to maintain a sharp edge. Mastering the use of hand planes requires practice, but they remain valuable tools for woodworkers seeking tactile control and a high-quality finish.