Jäätymissulamiskierrot

Jäätymissulamiskierrot, often translated as freeze-thaw cycles, refers to the repeated process of freezing and thawing of water within porous materials. This phenomenon is particularly significant in geology and civil engineering. When water seeps into the cracks and pores of rocks or soil, it can freeze. Upon freezing, water expands by about 9%, exerting pressure on its surroundings. As temperatures rise and the ice thaws, the pressure is released, but if the water has moved into new, larger fissures or has been removed, the resulting void can be permanent.

Over successive freeze-thaw cycles, this expansion and contraction can lead to the progressive disintegration of materials. In geology, this process is a major driver of physical weathering, breaking down rocks and contributing to the formation of soil and landforms. In civil engineering, freeze-thaw cycles pose a threat to the durability of infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings. Pavement can develop cracks and potholes, concrete can spall (chip or flake), and foundations can be weakened. The severity of damage depends on factors like the pore structure of the material, the amount of water available, and the frequency and intensity of the freeze-thaw cycles. Mitigation strategies often involve using materials with lower porosity, improving drainage, and applying protective coatings.