Järnöverskotts

Järnöverskotts, a Swedish term, translates directly to "iron surplus" or "excess iron." It refers to a condition where the body absorbs and stores more iron than it needs. This excess iron can accumulate in various organs, particularly the liver, heart, and pancreas, potentially leading to significant health problems. The most common cause of iron overload is hereditary hemochromatosis, a genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to regulate iron absorption. However, it can also be acquired due to frequent blood transfusions, certain types of anemia requiring transfusions, or excessive intake of iron supplements over prolonged periods.

Symptoms of iron overload can vary widely and may develop gradually over time. They can include joint pain, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of libido, and an enlarged liver. In more severe cases, organ damage can lead to conditions such as cirrhosis of the liver, heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure iron levels, such as serum ferritin and transferrin saturation, often followed by genetic testing if hereditary hemochromatosis is suspected. Treatment focuses on reducing the body's iron stores, most commonly through phlebotomy, which involves regularly drawing blood to remove iron. Dietary changes and avoiding iron-rich foods or supplements may also be recommended.