Jännitysvaihtelut

Jännitysvaihtelut, known in English as voltage fluctuations or voltage variations, refer to the changes in the electrical potential of a power supply. These fluctuations can occur in both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) systems, though they are more commonly discussed in the context of AC power distribution. Jännitysvaihtelut can manifest as sags (dips in voltage), swells (increases in voltage), or even momentary interruptions.

The causes of jännitysvaihtelut are varied. They can be due to sudden changes in load on the power grid, such as the startup of large industrial motors or the connection and disconnection of many household appliances. Natural phenomena like lightning strikes or faults in the power lines can also induce significant voltage variations. In some cases, the quality of the power generation itself or issues within the distribution network can contribute to these fluctuations.

The effects of jännitysvaihtelut can range from minor annoyances to serious problems. Sensitive electronic equipment, such as computers, televisions, and medical devices, can be damaged or malfunction if subjected to voltages outside their operating range. In industrial settings, voltage sags can cause machinery to slow down or stop, leading to production losses. Consistent or severe voltage fluctuations can also reduce the lifespan of electrical equipment. Mitigation strategies include using voltage stabilizers, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and improving the design and maintenance of the power infrastructure.