Jännitehäiriöt

Jännitehäiriöt, also known as voltage disturbances, refer to deviations from the normal, steady voltage level in an electrical system. These deviations can manifest in various forms, including sags, swells, interruptions, transients, and waveform distortions. Jännitehäiriöt can originate from both internal and external sources within the power grid, as well as from the equipment connected to it.

Common causes of jännitehäiriöt include the sudden connection or disconnection of large loads, such as industrial machinery or electric vehicle charging stations. Short circuits, lightning strikes, and faults within the power transmission and distribution network are also significant contributors. Internally, equipment malfunctions, aging infrastructure, and inadequate wiring can lead to voltage disturbances.

The effects of jännitehäiriöt can range from minor annoyances to severe operational problems. Sensitive electronic equipment, such as computers, medical devices, and control systems, can be particularly susceptible. Voltage sags, for instance, can cause equipment to malfunction or shut down unexpectedly, leading to data loss or production downtime. Voltage swells can damage components or shorten their lifespan. Transients, which are brief, high-amplitude disturbances, can reset microprocessors or cause catastrophic failure. Waveform distortions, like harmonics, can lead to overheating and reduced efficiency of electrical equipment.

Mitigating jännitehäiriöt often involves a combination of proactive measures and protective devices. Power quality monitoring equipment can help identify the sources and types of disturbances. Surge protectors, voltage regulators, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and harmonic filters are commonly employed to protect sensitive loads. Furthermore, regular maintenance of electrical infrastructure and careful consideration of load balancing can help prevent many types of voltage disturbances.