Jugend

Jugend is the German noun for the period of life between childhood and adulthood, commonly referred to as youth or adolescence. In German-speaking countries the term covers roughly the teenage years to early adulthood, with the exact range varying by legal, educational, or social context. In law, Jugendstrafrecht applies to minors, and institutions such as the Jugendamt oversee child and youth welfare, reflecting a policy focus on supporting development and protection.

Historically, the concept has also shaped culture and politics. The late 19th and early 20th century German Jugendbewegung aimed to reform society through youth-led groups and a return to nature, giving rise to the Wandervogel movement and, later, the broader Jugendkultur. The term also appears in art and design: the Jugendstil, or Art Nouveau, was named after the German arts magazine Die Jugend, which promoted modern styles.

In contemporary usage, Jugend refers to a social group characterized by shared experiences and identities, including youth culture, media, fashion, and subcultures. Educational systems and youth services address issues such as schooling, employment readiness, health, and civic participation. Developmentally, adolescence is seen as a phase of identity formation and increased autonomy, with various social and psychological factors influencing outcomes.

Overall, Jugend denotes both a stage of life and a dynamic cultural category in German-speaking contexts, shaping policy, art, and social life across generations.