JpaRepository

JpaRepository is a Spring Data interface that provides a JPA-based repository abstraction for data access. It builds on the Java Persistence API and is commonly used in Spring applications to manage persistent entities without boilerplate code. The interface is designed to be extended by repository interfaces that manage a specific entity type.

JpaRepository extends PagingAndSortingRepository and thereby inherits CRUD operations as well as pagination and sorting support. In addition to basic create, read, update, and delete methods, it offers JPA-specific helpers such as flushing the persistence context and batch operations, along with utilities to retrieve entities by ID, check existence, and count records. It also supports retrieving data in pages or sorted orders via methods that return Page<T> or Slice<T> and accept Pageable or Sort parameters.

Common usage involves declaring an interface that extends JpaRepository with the entity type and its identifier type, for example, interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long>. Spring Data provides an implementation at runtime, enabling calls such as userRepository.findAll(), findById(id), save(user), deleteById(id). The repository supports query derivation from method names and the @Query annotation for custom queries. For more advanced criteria, JpaRepository can be combined with JpaSpecificationExecutor to execute Specification-based queries.

Overall, JpaRepository simplifies data access by offering a ready-to-use, type-safe API tailored to JPA entities, while remaining extensible for custom query needs.