Jeffersonianism

Jeffersonianism refers to the political beliefs and ideals associated with Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States. Central to Jeffersonianism is the belief in a limited federal government and strong emphasis on states' rights. Jeffersonians advocated for an agrarian republic, believing that independent farmers were the most virtuous and capable citizens. They were wary of industrialization and the growth of large cities, which they associated with corruption and dependence.

Another key tenet of Jeffersonianism was a commitment to individual liberty and the protection of civil rights, particularly freedom of speech and religion. Jefferson famously championed the separation of church and state. Economically, Jeffersonians favored free trade and opposed national debt and a strong central bank, believing these fostered corruption and inequality. They were generally more sympathetic to the French Revolution and closer ties with France than the Federalists.

In practice, Jeffersonianism influenced policies such as the Louisiana Purchase, which expanded the nation's territory and reinforced the agrarian vision. However, the realities of governing often led to compromises, and the ideal of a purely agrarian society proved difficult to maintain. Nevertheless, the principles of limited government, individual liberty, and agrarianism continued to be influential in American political discourse long after Jefferson's presidency.